The Acanthuridae family, commonly known as surgeonfish or tangs, comprises a diverse group of vibrant marine fish found primarily in tropical and subtropical waters. This family includes 6 genera and 84 species. Surgeonfish are typically found in coral reefs, lagoons, and rocky areas, where they play a crucial role in maintaining the health of these ecosystems. Surgeonfish are characterized by their laterally compressed bodies and sharp, scalpel-like spines located on either side of their tails, which they can use defensively against predators. These fish are primarily herbivorous, feeding on algae and small invertebrates. Their specialized teeth are adapted for scraping algae off the surfaces of rocks and corals, helping to control algal growth and maintain the balance of reef ecosystems.